Abstract
This specification covers engine oils for light-duty and heavy-duty internal combustion engines used under a variety of operating conditions in automobiles, trucks, vans, buses, and off-highway farm, industrial, and construction equipment. Automotive engine oils are classified in three general arrangements: S, C, and Energy Conserving. These arrangements are further divided into categories with performance measured as follows: SH, SJ, SL, SM, CF-4, CF, CF-2, CG-4, CH-4, CI-4, CJ-4, Energy Conserving associated with SJ, and Energy Conserving associated with SL. Different bench and chemical tests shall be performed to help evaluate some aspects of engine oil performance.
Scope
1.1 This specification covers engine oils for light-duty and heavy-duty internal combustion engines used under a variety of operating conditions in automobiles, trucks, vans, buses, and off-highway farm, industrial, and construction equipment.
1.2 This specification is not intended to cover engine oil applications such as outboard motors, snowmobiles, lawn mowers, motorcycles, railroad locomotives, or oceangoing vessels.
1.3 This specification is based on engine test results that generally have been correlated with results obtained on reference oils in actual service engines operating with gasoline or diesel fuel. As it pertains to the API SL engine oil category, it is based on engine test results that generally have been correlated with results obtained on reference oils run in gasoline engine Sequence Tests that defined engine oil categories prior to 2000. It should be recognized that not all aspects of engine oil performance are evaluated by the engine tests in this specification. In addition, when assessing oil performance, it is desirable that the oil be evaluated under actual operating conditions.
1.4 This specification includes bench and chemical tests that help evaluate some aspects of engine oil performance not covered by the engine tests in this specification.
1.5 The test procedures referred to in this specification that are not yet standards are listed in Table 1.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6.1 Exceptions—The roller follower shaft wear in Test Method D 5966
TABLE 1 Test Procedures
| Test Procedure | ASTM PublicationsA |
|---|---|
| T-6 | RR: D02–1219B |
| T-7 | RR: D02–1220C |
| ISM | under developmentD |
| ISB | under developmentE |
| C13 | under developmentF |
A Research Reports are available from ASTM International Headquarters. Request by Research Report No.
B Multicylinder Engine Test Procedure for the Evaluation of Lubricants-Mack T-6.
C Multicylinder Engine Test Procedure for the Evaluation of Lubricants-Mack T-7.
D Multicylinder Engine Test Procedure for the Evaluation of Lubricants-Cummins ISM.
E Multicylinder Engine Test Procedure for the Evaluation of Lubricants-Cummins ISB.
F Multicylinder Engine Test Procedure for the Evaluation of Lubricants-Caterpillar C13.
