Significance and Use
This test method was developed to evaluate the viscometric performance of engine oils in turbocharged and intercooled four-cycle diesel engines. Results are obtained from used oil analysis.
The test method is used for engine oil specification acceptance when all details of the procedure are followed.
TABLE 1 PC-9 Reference Diesel Fuel
| Property | Test Method | MinA | MaxA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sulfur, mass % | D2622 | 0.04 | 0.05 | |
| Gravity, °API | D287 or D4052 | 34.5 | 36.5 (37) | |
| Hydrocarbon composition, % vol | ||||
| Aromatics | D1319 (FIA) | (27) 28 | 33 | |
| Olefin | D1319 (FIA) | Report | ||
| Cetane number | D613 | 40 (42) | 48 | |
| Cetane index | D976 and D4737 | Report | ||
| Copper strip corrosion | D130 | 1 | ||
| Flash point, °C | D93 | 54 | ||
| Pour point, °C | D97 | −18 | ||
| Cloud point, °C | D2500 | Report | ||
| Carbon residue on 10 % residuum, mass % | D524 (10 % bottoms) | 0.35 | ||
| Water and sediment, vol % | D2709 | 0.05 | ||
| Viscosity, mm2/s at 40 °C | D445 | 2.4 | 3.0 | |
| Ash, mass % | D482 | 0.005 | ||
| Acid number | D664 | 0.05 | ||
| Strong acid number | D664 | 0.00 | ||
| Accelerated stability | D2274 | Report | ||
| Distillation, °C | D86 | |||
| IBP | Report | |||
| 10 % vol | Report | |||
| 50 % vol | Report | |||
| 90 % vol | 282 | 338 | ||
| EP | Report |
A Min and max numbers in parentheses are EPA Certification Fuel Specifications.
Scope
1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating diesel engine oils for performance characteristics, including viscosity increase and soot concentrations (loading). This test method is commonly referred to as the Mack T-8.
1.2 This test method also provides the procedure for running an extended length T-8 test, which is commonly referred to as the T-8E and an abbreviated length test, which is commonly referred to as T-8A. The procedures for the T-8E and the T-8A are identical to the T-8 with the exception of the items specifically listed in Annex A8 and Annex A9 respectively. Additionally, the procedure modifications listed in Annex A8 and Annex A9 refer to the corresponding section of the T-8 procedure.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exceptions—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, sole source equipment suppliers, and oil consumption in grams per kilowatthour.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A6 for specific safety precautions.
1.5 A Table of Contents follows:
| Scope | 1 |
| Referenced Documents | 2 |
| Terminology | 3 |
| Summary of Test Method | 4 |
| Significance and Use | 5 |
| Apparatus | 6 |
| General Description | 6.1 |
| The Test Engine | 6.2 |
| Mack Test Engine | 6.2.1 |
| Engine Cooling System | 6.2.2 |
| Engine Oil System | 6.2.3 |
| Auxiliary Oil System | 6.2.4 |
| Crankcase Aspiration | 6.2.5 |
| Blowby Meter | 6.2.6 |
| Air Supply and Filtration | 6.2.7 |
| Fuel Supply | 6.2.8 |
| Intake Manifold Temperature Control | 6.2.9 |
| Engine Fluids | 7 |
| Test Oil | 7.1 |
| Test Fuel | 7.2 |
| Engine Coolant | 7.3 |
| Cleaning Materials | 7.4 |
| Preparation of Apparatus at Rebuild | 8 |
| Cleaning of Parts | 8.1 |
| Valves, Seats, Guides, and Springs | 8.2 |
| Cylinder Liner, Piston, and Piston Ring Assembly | 8.3 |
| Injectors and Injection Pump | 8.4 |
| Assembly Instructions | 8.5 |
| Measurements | 8.6 |
| Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration/Non-Reference Requirements | 9 |
| Calibration Frequency | 9.1 |
| Calibration Reference Oils | 9.2 |
| Test Numbering | 9.3 |
| New Laboratories and New Test Stands | 9.4 |
| Calibrated Laboratories and Test Stands | 9.5 |
| Calibration Test Acceptance | 9.6 |
| Failing Calibration Tests | 9.7 |
| Non-Reference Oil Test Requirements | 9.8 |
| Procedure | 10 |
| Pretest Procedure | 10.1 |
| Engine Start-Up | 10.2 |
| Engine Shutdown | 10.3 |
| Test Cycle | 10.4 |
| Oil Addition/Drain | 10.5 |
| Oil Samples | 10.6 |
| Oil Consumption Calculations | 10.7 |
| Fuel Samples | 10.8 |
| Periodic Measurements | 10.9 |
| Blowby | 10.10 |
| Centrifugal Oil Filter Mass Gain | 10.11 |
| Oil Filter ΔP Calculation | 10.12 |
| Post Test | 10.13 |
| Inspection of Fuel and Oil During Test | 11 |
| Oil Inspection | 11.1 |
| Fuel Inspections | 11.2 |
| Oil Consumption | 11.3 |
| Report | 12 |
| Reporting Test Results | 12.1 |
| Deviations from Test Operational Limits | 12.2 |
| Electronic Transmission of Test Results | 12.3 |
| Plots of Operational Data | 12.4 |
| Precision and Bias | 13 |
| Precision | 13.1 |
| Bias | 13.2 |
| Keywords | 14 |
| Annexes | |
| Report Forms | Annex A1 |
| Sensor Locations | Annex A2 |
| Kinematic Viscosity At 100°C For Test Method D5967 Samples | Annex A3 |
| Enhanced Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) Procedure | Annex A4 |
| Procurement of Test Materials | Annex A5 |
| Safety Precautions | Annex A6 |
| Data Dictionary | Annex A7 |
| T-8E Extended Length Test Requirements | Annex A8 |
| T-8A Abbreviated Length Test Requirements | Annex A9 |
