Significance and Use
5.1 Continuous opacity monitors are required to be installed at many stationary sources of air pollution by federal, state, and local air pollution control agency regulations. EPA regulations regarding the design and performance of opacity monitoring systems for sources subject to “Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources” are found in 40 CFR 60, Subpart A General Provisions, §60.13 Monitoring Provisions, Appendix B, Performance Specification 1, and in applicable source-specific subparts. Many states have adopted these or very similar requirements for opacity monitoring systems.
5.2 Regulated industrial facilities are required to report continuous opacity monitoring data to control agencies on a periodic basis. The control agencies use the data as an indirect measure of particulate emission levels and as an indicator of the adequacy of process and control equipment operation and maintenance practices.
5.3 EPA Performance Specification 1 provides minimum specifications for opacity monitors and requires source owners or operators of regulated facilities to demonstrate that their installed systems meet certain design and performance specifications. Performance Specification 1 adopts this ASTM practice by reference so that manufacturers can demonstrate conformance with certain design specifications by selecting and testing representative instruments.
5.4 Experience demonstrated that EPA Performance Specification 1 prior to the Aug. 10, 2000 revisions did not address all of the important design and performance parameters for opacity monitoring systems. The additional design and performance specifications included in this practice are needed to eliminate many of the performance problems that were previously encountered. This practice also provides purchasers and vendors flexibility, by designing the test procedures for basic transmissometer components or opacity monitors, or in certain cases, complete opacity monitoring systems. However, the specifications and test procedures are also sufficiently detailed to support the manufacturer’s certification and to facilitate independent third party evaluations of the procedures used.
5.5 Purchasers of opacity monitoring equipment meeting all of the requirements of this practice are assured that the opacity monitoring equipment meets all of the applicable requirements of EPA Performance Specification 1 for which the manufacturer can certify conformance. Purchasers can rely on the manufacturer’s published operating range specifications for ambient temperature and supply voltage. These purchasers are also assured that the specific instrument has been tested at the point of manufacture and demonstrated to meet the manufacturer’s performance specifications for instrument response time, calibration error (based on pathlength measurements provided by the end user), optical alignment, and the spectral response performance check requirement. Conformance with the requirements of this practice ensures conformance with all of the requirements of 40 CFR 60, Appendix B, Performance Specification 1 except those requirements for which tests are required after installation.
5.6 The original manufacturer, or those involved in the repair, remanufacture, or resale of opacity monitors can use this practice to demonstrate that the equipment components or opacity monitoring systems provided meet, or exceed, or both, appropriate design and performance specifications.
5.7 The applicable test procedures and specifications of this practice are selected to address the equipment and activities that are within the control of the manufacturer; they do not mandate testing of the opacity system data recording equipment or reporting.
5.8 This practice also may serve as the basis for third party independent audits of the certification procedures used by manufacturers of opacity monitoring equipment.
5.9 This practice does not address ongoing quality assurance procedures which are needed to maintain correct operation during the lifetime of the opacity monitor.
Scope
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for certifying continuous opacity monitors. In the main part of this practice, it includes design and performance specifications, test procedures, and quality assurance requirements to ensure that continuous opacity monitors meet minimum design and calibration requirements, necessary in part, for accurate opacity monitoring measurements in regulatory environmental opacity monitoring applications subject to 10 % or higher opacity standards. In Annex A1, additional or alternative specifications are provided for certifying opacity monitors intended for use in applications where the opacity standard is less than 10 %, or where the user expects the opacity to be less than 10 % and elects to use the more restrictive criteria in Annex A1. In both cases, the error budgets for the opacity measurements are given in Appendix X1.
1.2 This practice applies specifically to the original manufacturer, or to those involved in the repair, remanufacture, or resale of opacity monitors.
1.3 Test procedures that specifically apply to the various equipment configurations of component equipment that comprise either a transmissometer, an opacity monitor, or complete opacity monitoring system are detailed in this practice.
1.4 The specifications and test procedures contained in the main part of this practice have been adopted by reference by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). For each opacity monitor or monitoring system that the manufacturer demonstrates conformance to this practice, the manufacturer may issue a certificate that states that opacity monitor or monitoring system conforms with all of the applicable design and performance requirements of 40 CFR 60, Appendix B, Performance Specification 1 except those for which tests are required after installation.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
