Significance and Use
This guide is intended as a reference for those concerned with the inspection of thin- or thick-film coating application to concrete and masonry substrates. It does not cover the application of cement-type coatings. A checklist is included as Appendix X1.1. Many of the details covered may be in a specification for a particular project. A specification for coating projects should include the coatings to be used.
Scope
1.1 This guide is intended as an information aid to painting inspectors in carrying out the task efficiently. It includes the key elements of surface preparation, coatings application, and final approval for both field and shop work. The items should be selected that are pertinent to a particular job.
Note 1—For additional helpful information, refer to the following documents:
Manual of Concrete Practice ACI 515R American Concrete Institute
Manual of Coating Work for Light Water Nuclear Power Plant Primary Containment and Other Safety Related Facilities
C 811 SSPC-PA Guide 3 - A Guide to Safety in Paint Application Steel Structures Painting Manual Vol. 1- Good Painting Practices Steel Structures Painting Manual Vol. 2 - Systems and Specifications Manufacturers Specifications and Instructions (made available to the inspector for reference to special requirements for proper application) Material Safety Data Sheets (needed to insure that personnel take necessary precautions in handling hazardous materials). Available from Materials manufacturer. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whomever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This guide is arranged in the following order:
Section Referenced Documents 2 ASTM Standards 2.1 OSHA Standards 2.2 ICRI Standards 2.3 SSPC Standards 2.4 Significance and Use 3 Preparation for Inspection 4 Surface Preparation Methods and Requirements 5 Surface Preparation 5.1 Factors Affecting Coating Performance 5.2 Surface Condition 5.2.1 Cleanliness 5.2.2 Moisture 5.2.3 Surface Preparation Procedures 5.3 Dry Surface Cleaning 5.3.1 Water and Steam Cleaning 5.3.2 Mechanical Tool Cleaning 5.3.3 Hand Tool Cleaning 5.3.3.1 Power Tool Cleaning 5.3.3.2 Scarifying Machines 5.3.3.3 Pre- and Post-Surface Preparation 5.3.3.4 Finished Surface 5.3.3.5 Blast Cleaning 5.3.4 Water Blast Cleaning 5.3.5 Acid Etching 5.3.6 Precautions in Preparing Unpainted and Previously Painted Surfaces 5.4 Inspection of Surfaces Prior to Field Painting 5.5 New Construction 5.5.1 Maintenance Repainting 5.5.2 Cracks and Voids 6 Cracks 6.1 Cracks in Concrete 6.1.1 Joints in Concrete 6.1.2 Voids 6.2 Recoat Intervals 6.3 Coating Storage and Handling 7 Storage of Coating and Thinner 7.1 Mixing of Coatings 7.2 Thinning 7.3 Initial Samples 7.3.1 Thinning of Coating 7.3.2 Sampling of Thinned Coating 7.3.3 Heating of Coating 7.4 Weather Considerations 8 Drying 8.1 Low Temperature 8.2 High Temperature 8.3 Moisture 8.4 Wind 8.5 Coating Application 9 Residual Contaminants 9.1 Quality Assurance 9.2 Film Defects 9.2.1 Brush Application 9.3 Spray Application 9.4 Roller Application 9.5 Miscellaneous Methods 9.6 Rate of Application 9.7 Additional Considerations 10 Ventilation 10.1 Painting Schedule 10.2 Film Integrity 10.3 Recoat Time 10.4 Coating System Failure 10.5 Inspection Equipment 11 General 11.1 Adhesion of Existing Coating 11.1.1 Portable Pull-Off Adhesion 11.1.2 Field Inspection Equipment 11.2 Drying and Curing Times 11.2.1 Thermometers 11.2.1.1 Relative Humidity and Dew Point 11.2.1.2 Viscosity Cups 11.2.2 Wet-Film Thickness Gages 11.2.4 Interchemical Gage 11.2.4.1 Notched Gage 11.2.4.2 Dry-Film Thickness Gages 11.2.5 Destructive Thickness Gage 11.2.5.1 Nondestructive Film Thickness Gages 11.2.5.2 Discontinuity (Holiday) Tester 11.3 Inspection Checklist Appendix X1
