Significance and Use
This is an accelerated engine oil test, performed in a standardized, calibrated, stationary single-cylinder diesel engine that gives a measure of (1) piston and ring groove deposit forming tendency, (2) piston, ring, and liner scuffing and (3) oil consumption. The test is used in the establishment of diesel engine oil specification requirements as cited in Specification D 4485
Scope
1.1 This test method covers stressing an engine oil under modern high-speed diesel operating conditions and measures the oil's deposit control, lubrication ability, and resistance to oil consumption. It is performed in a laboratory using a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. Being an engine test method, this test method does have definite hazards that require safe practices (see Appendix X2 on Safety).
1.4 The following is the Table of Contents:
| Scope | 1 |
| Referenced Documents | 2 |
| Terminology | 3 |
| Summary of Test Method | 4 |
| Significance and Use | 5 |
| Apparatus and Installation | 6 |
| Intake Air System | 6.2.1 |
| Exhaust System | 6.2.2 |
| Fuel System | 6.2.3 |
| Oil Consumption System | 6.2.4 |
| Engine Oil System | 6.2.5 |
| Engine Coolant System | 6.2.6 |
| Engine Instrumentation | 6.2.7 |
| Reagents and Materials | 7 |
| Oil Samples | 8 |
| Preparation of Apparatus | 9 |
| General Engine Assembly Practices | 9.1 |
| Complete Engine Inspection | 9.2 |
| Copper Component | 9.3 |
| Engine Lubricant System Flush | 9.4 |
| Engine Piston Cooling Jet | 9.5 |
| Engine Measurements and Inspections | 9.6 |
| Cylinder Head | 9.7 |
| Valve Guide Bushings | 9.8 |
| Fuel Injector | 9.9 |
| Piston and Rings | 9.10 |
| Cylinder Liner | 9.11 |
| Compression Ratio | 9.12 |
| Engine Timing | 9.13 |
| Engine Coolant System Cleaning Procedure | 9.14 |
| Calibration and Standardization | 10 |
| Test Cell Instrumentation | 10.1 |
| Instrumentation Standards | 10.2 |
| Coolant Flow | 10.3 |
| Fuel Injectors | 10.4 |
| Air Flow | 10.5 |
| Intake Air Barrel | 10.6 |
| Fuel Filter | 10.7 |
| Oil Scale Flow Rates | 10.8 |
| Test Stand Calibration | 10.9 |
| Re-calibration Requirements | 10.9.1 |
| Extending Test Stand Calibration Period | 10.9.2 |
| Test Run Numbering | 10.10 |
| Humidity Calibration Requirements | 10.11 |
| Calibration of Piston Deposit Raters | 10.12 |
| Procedure | 11 |
| Engine Break-in Procedure | 11.1 |
| Cool-down Procedure | 11.2 |
| Warm-up Procedure | 11.3 |
| Shutdowns and Lost Time | 11.4 |
| Periodic Measurements | 11.5 |
| Engine Control Systems | 11.6 |
| Engine Coolant | 11.6.1 |
| Engine Fuel System | 11.6.2 |
| Engine Oil Temperature | 11.6.3 |
| Exhaust Pressure | 11.6.4 |
| Intake Air | 11.6.5 |
| Post-Test Procedures | 11.7 |
| Piston Ring Side Clearances | 11.7.1 |
| Piston Ratings | 11.7.2 |
| Ring Gap End Increase | 11.7.3 |
| Cylinder Liner Wear | 11.7.4 |
| Cylinder Liner Bore Polish | 11.7.5 |
| Photographs | 11.7.6 |
| Calculation and Interpretation of Results | 12 |
| Test Validity | 12.1 |
| Calculations | 12.4 |
| Quality Index | 12.4.1 |
| Oil Consumption | 12.4.2 |
| Report | 13 |
| Forms and Data Dictionary | 13.1 |
| Test Validity | 13.2 |
| Report Specifics | 13.3 |
| Precision and Bias | 14 |
| Precision | 14.1 |
| Bias | 14.2 |
| Keywords | 15 |
| Annexes | |
| Engine and Parts Warranty | Annex A1 |
| Instrument Locations, Measurements and Calculations | Annex A2 |
| Cooling System Arrangement | Annex A3 |
| Intake Air Mass Flow Sensor Installation | Annex A4 |
| Fuel System Design and Required Components | Annex A5 |
| Oil System | Annex A6 |
| Additional Report Forms | Annex A7 |
| Engine Assembly and Inspection Information | Annex A8 |
| Flushing Instructions and Apparatus | Annex A9 |
| Warm-up, Cool-down and Testing Conditions | Annex A10 |
| Piston and Liner Rating Modifications | Annex A11 |
| Return Goods Authorization Claim Form | Annex A12 |
| Appendixes | |
| Various Examples of Supplemental Information for Reference Purposes | Appendix X1 |
| Safety | Appendix X2 |
