Significance and Use
5.1 Some engine oil formulations have been shown to lack compatibility with certain elastomers used for seals in automotive engines. These deleterious effects on the elastomer are greatest with new engine oils (that is, oils that have not been exposed to an engine’s operating environment) and when the exposure is at elevated temperatures.
5.2 This test method requires that non-reference oil(s) be tested in parallel with a reference oil, TMC 1006-1, known to be aggressive for some parameters under service conditions. This relative compatibility permits decisions on the anticipated or predicted performance of the non-reference oil in service.
5.3 Elastomer materials can show significant variation in physical properties, not only from batch-to-batch but also within a sheet and from sheet-to-sheet. Results obtained with the reference oil are submitted by the test laboratories to the TMC to allow it to update continually the total and within-laboratory standard deviation estimates. These estimates, therefore, incorporate effects of variations in the properties of the reference elastomers on the test variability.
Scope
1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature.
1.2 Effective sealing action requires that the physical properties of elastomers used for any seal have a high level of resistance to the liquid or oil in which they are immersed. When such a high level of resistance exists, the elastomer is said to be compatible with the liquid or oil.
1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility only. Because seals might be subjected to static or dynamic loads, or both, and they can operate over a range of conditions, a complete evaluation of the potential sealing performance of any elastomer-oil combination in any service condition usually requires tests additional to those described in this test method.
1.4 The several reference elastomer formulations specified in this test method were chosen to be representative of those used in both heavy-duty diesel engines and passenger-car spark-ignition engines (the latter are covered in Annex A2). The procedures described in this test method can, however, also be used to evaluate the compatibility of automotive engine oils with different elastomer types/formulations or different test durations and temperatures to those employed in this test method.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This test method is arranged as follows:
|
| Section |
| Scope | |
| Referenced Documents | |
| Terminology | |
| Summary of Test Method | |
| Significance and Use | |
| Apparatus | |
| Reference Materials | |
| Procedure | |
| Calculations | |
| TMC 1006-1 Reference Oil | |
| Report | |
| Precision and Bias | |
| Keywords | |
| Formulations and Physical Properties for Reference Elastomers Typically Used in Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines | |
| Test Procedure for Reference Elastomers Typically Used in Spark-Ignition Engines |
