Significance and Use
These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications, particularly those under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committees A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and A04 on Iron Castings. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of carbon steels, low-alloy steels, silicon electrical steels, ingot iron, and wrought iron having chemical compositions within the following limits:
| Element | Composition Range, % |
|---|---|
| Aluminum | 0.001 to 1.50 |
| Antimony | 0.002 to 0.03 |
| Arsenic | 0.0005 to 0.10 |
| Bismuth | 0.005 to 0.50 |
| Boron | 0.0005 to 0.02 |
| Calcium | 0.0005 to 0.01 |
| Cerium | 0.005 to 0.50 |
| Chromium | 0.005 to 3.99 |
| Cobalt | 0.01 to 0.30 |
| Columbium (Niobium) | 0.002 to 0.20 |
| Copper | 0.005 to 1.50 |
| Lanthanum | 0.001 to 0.30 |
| Lead | 0.001 to 0.50 |
| Manganese | 0.01 to 2.50 |
| Molybdenum | 0.002 to 1.50 |
| Nickel | 0.005 to 5.00 |
| Nitrogen | 0.0005 to 0.04 |
| Oxygen | 0.0001 to 0.03 |
| Phosphorus | 0.001 to 0.25 |
| Selenium | 0.001 to 0.50 |
| Silicon | 0.001 to 5.00 |
| Sulfur | 0.001 to 0.60 |
| Tin | 0.002 to 0.10 |
| Titanium | 0.002 to 0.60 |
| Tungsten | 0.005 to 0.10 |
| Vanadium | 0.005 to 0.50 |
| Zirconium | 0.005 to 0.15 |
1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections indicated as follows:
| Sections | |
| Aluminum, Total, by the 8-Quinolinol Gravimetric Method (0.20 % to 1.5 %) | 124–131 |
| Aluminum, Total, by the 8-Quinolinol Spectrophotometric Method (0.003 % to 0.20 %) | 76–86 |
| Aluminum, Total or Acid-Soluble, by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.005 % to 0.20 %) | 308–317 |
| Antimony by the Brilliant Green Spectrophotometric Method (0.0002 % to 0.030 %) | 142–151 |
| Bismuth by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.02 % to 0.25 %) | 298–307 |
| Boron by the Distillation-Curcumin Spectrophotometric Method (0.0003 % to 0.006 %) | 208–219 |
| Calcium by the Direct-Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy Method (0.0005 % to 0.010 %) | 289–297 |
| Carbon, Total, by the Combustion Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to1.80 %) | |
| Cerium and Lanthanum by the Direct Current Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry Method (0.003 % to 0.50 % Cerium, 0.001 % to 0.30 % Lanthanum) | 249–257 |
| Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.006 % to 1.00 %) | 220–229 |
| Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation-Titration Method (0.05 % to 3.99 %) | 230–238 |
| Cobalt by the Nitroso-R Salt Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 0.30 %) | 53–62 |
| Copper by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.004 % to 0.5 %) | 279–288 |
| Copper by the Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method (0.005 % to 1.50 %) | 114–123 |
| Lead by the Ion-Exchange Method (0.001 % to 0.50 %) | 132–141 |
| Manganese by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.005 % to 2.0 %) | 269–278 |
| Manganese by the Metaperiodate Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 2.5 %) | 9-18 |
| Manganese by the Peroxydisulfate-Arsenite Titrimetric Method(0.10 % to 2.50 %) | 164–171 |
| Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 1.50 %) | 152–163 |
| Nickel by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.003 % to 0.5 %) | 318–327 |
| Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to 5.00 %) | 180–187 |
| Nickel by the Ion-Exchange-Atomic-Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.005 % to 1.00 %) | 188–197 |
| Phosphorus by the Alkalimetric Method (0.02 % to 0.25 %) | 172–179 |
| Phosphorus by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method (0.003 % to 0.09 %) | 19-30 |
| Silicon by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 0.06 %) | 103–113 |
| Silicon by the Gravimetric Titration Method (0.05 % to 3.5 %) | 46–52 |
| Sulfur by the Combustion-Iodate Titration Method (0.005 % to 0.3 %) | 37–45 |
| Tin by the Sulfide-Iodometric Titration Method (0.01 % to 0.1 %) | 95–102 |
| Tin by the Solvent Extraction-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %) | 198–207 |
| Titanium, Total, by the Diantipyrylmethane Spectrophotometric Method (0.025 % to 0.30 %) | 258–268 |
| Vanadium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.006 % to 0.15 %) | 239–248 |
1.3 Test methods for the determination of several elements not included in this standard can be found in Test Methods E1019.
1.4 Some of the composition ranges given in 1.1 are too broad to be covered by a single test method and therefore this standard contains multiple test methods for some elements. The user must select the proper test method by matching the information given in the Scope and Interference sections of each test method with the composition of the alloy to be analyzed.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. In some cases, exceptions allowed in are also used.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 6 and in special “Warning” paragraphs throughout these test methods.
