Significance and Use
4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications, particularly those under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron Castings. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of pig iron, gray cast iron (including alloy and austenitic), white cast iron, malleable cast iron, and ductile (nodular) iron having chemical compositions within the following limits:
| Element | Composition Range, % |
|
| |
| Aluminum | 0.003 to 0.50 |
| Antimony | 0.005 to 0.03 |
| Arsenic | 0.02 to 0.10 |
| Bismuth | 0.001 to 0.03 |
| Boron | 0.001 to 0.10 |
| Cadmium | 0.001 to 0.005 |
| Carbon | 1.25 to 4.50 |
| Cerium | 0.005 to 0.05 |
| Chromium | 0.01 to 30.00 |
| Cobalt | 0.01 to 4.50 |
| Copper | 0.03 to 7.50 |
| Lead | 0.001 to 0.15 |
| Magnesium | 0.002 to 0.10 |
| Manganese | 0.06 to 2.50 |
| Molybdenum | 0.01 to 5.00 |
| Nickel | 0.01 to 36.00 |
| Phosphorus | 0.01 to 0.90 |
| Selenium | 0.001 to 0.06 |
| Silicon | 0.10 to 6.0 |
| Sulfur | 0.005 to 0.25 |
| Tellurium | 0.001 to 0.35 |
| Tin | 0.001 to 0.35 |
| Titanium | 0.001 to 0.20 |
| Tungsten | 0.001 to 0.20 |
| Vanadium | 0.005 to 0.50 |
| Zinc | 0.005 to 0.20 |
1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections indicated below:
|
| Sections |
|
| |
| Carbon, Graphitic, by the Direct Combustion Infrared Absorption Method (1 % to 3 %) | 108 |
| Carbon, Total by the Combustion Gravimetric Method (1.25 % to 4.50 %)—Discontinued | 97 |
| Cerium and Lanthanum by the Direct Current Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry Method (Ce: 0.003 % to 0.5 %; La: 0.001 % to 0.30 %) | 237 |
| Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Method (0.006 % to 1.00 %) | 208 |
| Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method (0.006 % to 1.00 %) | 218 |
| Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate-Oxidation Titrimetric Method (0.05 % to 30.0 %)—Discontinued |
|
| Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange—Potentiometric Titration Method (2.0 % to 4.5 %) | 53 |
| Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 4.50 %) | 61 |
| Copper by the Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method (0.03 % to 7.5 %) | 116 |
| Copper by the Sulfide Precipitation-Electrodeposition Gravimetric Method (0.03 % to 7.5 %) | 81 |
| Lead by the Ion-Exchange—Atomic Absorption Method (0.001 % to 0.15 %) | 126 |
| Magnesium by the Atomic Absorption Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %) | 71 |
| Manganese by the Periodate Spectrophotometric Method (0.10 % to 2.00 %) | 8 |
| Manganese by the Peroxydisulfate-Arsenite Titrimetric Method (0.10 % to 3.5 %) | 152 |
| Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange–8-Hydroxyquinoline Gravimetric Method | 257 |
| Molybdenum by the Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 1.5 %) | 196 |
| Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to 36.00 %) | 168 |
| Nickel by the Ion Exchange-Atomic Absorption Method (0.005 % to 1.00 %) | 176 |
| Phosphorus by the Alkalimetric Method (0.02 % to 0.90 %) | 160 |
| Phosphorus by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method (0.02 % to 0.90 %) | 18 |
| Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to 6.0 %) | 46 |
| Sulfur by the Gravimetric Method—Discontinued | 30 |
| Sulfur by the Combustion-Iodate Titration Method (0.005 % to 0.25 %)—Discontinued | 37 |
| Sulfur by the Chromatographic Gravimetric Method—Discontinued |
|
| Tin by the Solvent Extraction-Atomic Absorption Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %) | 186 |
| Tin by the Sulfide-Iodometric Titration Method (0.01 % to 0.35 %) | 89 |
| Titanium, Total, by the Diantipyrylmethane Spectrophotometric Method (0.006 % to 0.35 %) | 246 |
| Vanadium by the Atomic Absorption Method (0.006 % to 0.15 %) | 227 |
1.3 Procedures for the determination of carbon and sulfur not included in these test methods can be found in Test Methods E1019.
1.4 Some of the composition ranges given in 1.1 are too broad to be covered by a single method and therefore this standard contains multiple methods for some elements. The user must select the proper method by matching the information given in the Scope and Interference sections of each method with the composition of the alloy to be analyzed.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 6 and in special “Warning” paragraphs throughout these Methods.
