Significance and Use
4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications, particularly those under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron Castings. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of pig iron, gray cast iron (including alloy and austenitic), white cast iron, malleable cast iron, and ductile (nodular) iron having chemical compositions within the following limits:
| Element | Composition Range, % |
|
| |
| Aluminum | 0.003 to 0.50 |
| Antimony | 0.005 to 0.03 |
| Arsenic | 0.02 to 0.10 |
| Bismuth | 0.001 to 0.03 |
| Boron | 0.001 to 0.10 |
| Cadmium | 0.001 to 0.005 |
| Carbon | 1.25 to 4.50 |
| Cerium | 0.005 to 0.05 |
| Chromium | 0.01 to 30.00 |
| Cobalt | 0.01 to 4.50 |
| Copper | 0.03 to 7.50 |
| Lead | 0.001 to 0.15 |
| Magnesium | 0.002 to 0.10 |
| Manganese | 0.06 to 2.50 |
| Molybdenum | 0.01 to 5.00 |
| Nickel | 0.01 to 36.00 |
| Phosphorus | 0.01 to 0.90 |
| Selenium | 0.001 to 0.06 |
| Silicon | 0.10 to 6.0 |
| Sulfur | 0.005 to 0.25 |
| Tellurium | 0.001 to 0.35 |
| Tin | 0.001 to 0.35 |
| Titanium | 0.001 to 0.20 |
| Tungsten | 0.001 to 0.20 |
| Vanadium | 0.005 to 0.50 |
| Zinc | 0.005 to 0.20 |
1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections indicated below:
|
| Sections |
|
| |
| Carbon, Graphitic, by the Direct Combustion Infrared Absorption Method (1 % to 3 %) | 108–115 |
| Carbon, Total by the Combustion Gravimetric Method (1.25 % to 4.50 %)—Discontinued 2012 | 97–107 |
| Cerium and Lanthanum by the Direct Current Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry Method (Ce: 0.003 % to 0.5 %; La: 0.001 % to 0.30 %) | 237–245 |
| Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Method (0.006 % to 1.00 %) | 208–217 |
| Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method (0.05 % to 30.0 %) | 218–226 |
| Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate-Oxidation Titrimetric Method (0.05 % to 30.0 %)—Discontinued 1980 | 144–151 |
| Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange—Potentiometric Titration Method (2.0 % to 4.5 %) | 53–60 |
| Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 4.50 %) | 61–70 |
| Copper by the Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method (0.03 % to 7.5 %) | 116–125 |
| Copper by the Sulfide Precipitation-Electrodeposition Gravimetric Method (0.03 % to 7.5 %) | 81–88 |
| Lead by the Ion-Exchange—Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.001 % to 0.15 %) | 126–135 |
| Magnesium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %) | 71–80 |
| Manganese by the Periodate Spectrophotometric Method (0.10 % to 2.00 %) | 9–18 |
| Manganese by the Peroxydisulfate-Arsenite Titrimetric Method (0.10 % to 3.5 %) | 152–159 |
| Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange–8-Hydroxyquinoline Gravimetric Method | 257–264 |
| Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 1.5 %) | 196–207 |
| Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to 36.00 %) | 168–175 |
| Nickel by the Ion Exchange-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.005 % to 1.00 %) | 176–185 |
| Phosphorus by the Alkalimetric Method (0.02 % to 0.90 %) | 160–167 |
| Phosphorus by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method (0.02 % to 0.90 %) | 19–30 |
| Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to 6.0 %) | 46–52 |
| Sulfur by the Gravimetric Method—Discontinued 1988 | 30–36 |
| Sulfur by the Combustion-Iodate Titration Method (0.005 % to 0.25 %)—Discontinued 2012 | 37–45 |
| Sulfur by the Chromatographic Gravimetric Method—Discontinued 1980 | 136–143 |
| Tin by the Solvent Extraction-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %) | 186–195 |
| Tin by the Sulfide Precipitation-Iodometric Titration Method (0.01 % to 0.35 %) | 89–96 |
| Titanium by the Diantipyrylmethane Spectrophotometric Method (0.006 % to 0.35 %) | 246–256 |
| Vanadium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.006 % to 0.15 %) | 227–236 |
1.3 Procedures for the determination of carbon and sulfur not included in these test methods can be found in Test Methods E1019.
1.4 Some of the composition ranges given in 1.1 are too broad to be covered by a single method and therefore this standard contains multiple methods for some elements. The user must select the proper method by matching the information given in the Scope and Interference sections of each method with the composition of the alloy to be analyzed.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 6 and in special “Warning” paragraphs throughout these Methods.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
