Significance and Use
5.1 Uplift resistance is one of the properties of an applied shingle that relates to its ability to withstand wind forces. The mechanical tests described are laboratory methods to measure that resistance at a designated temperature after the shingles have been sealed under designated conditions.
5.1.1 This test method determines the mechanical uplift resistance of sealed shingles by direct measurement in a prescribed manner. See Test Method D7158/D7158M for the relationship between this mechanical uplift resistance and the uplift forces derived from the action of wind.
5.2 Many factors influence the sealing characteristics of shingles in the field; for example, temperature, time, contamination by dirt and debris, roof slope, and interference by misplaced fasteners. It is not the objective of this test method to address all of these influences. This test method is designed to determine the mechanical uplift resistance when representative specimens of shingles are sealed under selected conditions prior to testing.
5.3 Procedure A produces lower results than Procedure B. Procedure A provides an edge-lift load value and Procedure B provides a perpendicular load value. The procedure applicable to a specific product depends on the specific product design, geometry, and rigidity. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to determine the appropriate procedure with reference to the specific product and application. It is possible that engineering calculations would require both procedures to be employed, and for both results to be used in the calculation of the resistance of that specific product to the effects of wind.
5.4 When using this method in conjunction with Test Method D7158/D7158M to determine the uplift resistance of shingles as part of the determination of wind resistance of the shingles, determine the appropriate procedure (Procedure A, Procedure B, or both) in accordance with the discussion, and examples, of shingle geometry and sealant configuration in Section 12.2 of Test Method D7158/D7158M.
Scope
1.1 This test method covers measuring the uplift resistance of asphalt roofing shingles by mechanical means. It is applicable to shingles that use a factory-applied or field-applied sealant.
1.2 There are several types of shingles designed for service without a factory-applied or field-applied sealant. These shingles, when applied in accordance with the manufacturers' application instructions, employ other means to provide resistance against the forces generated by the action of wind such as geometry and shingle construction. Field experience has shown that these types of shingles function satisfactorily in service. Because there are a variety of these shingle designs, it is not practical to describe in this test method how to test these shingles for uplift resistance. The testing of these types of shingles, therefore, goes beyond the scope of this test method.
1.3 This test method describes two procedures for measuring shingle uplift resistance. Procedure A employs a specially designed apparatus with a clamping device which facilitates lifting of the edge of the shingle and measuring the force required to break the seal. Procedure B employs a metal “T” section adhered to the weather surface of the shingle to facilitate application and measurement of a perpendicular force to break the seal.
1.4 It is not prohibited to use this test method over a range of sealing time and temperature combinations and testing temperatures to simulate a variety of actual field use conditions. The times and temperatures used shall be stated in the report.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
