What is BS 1016-6 - Ultimate analysis of coal about?
BS 1016-6 is a part of BS 1016 that describes methods of determining carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur, and carbon dioxide in the analysis sample of coal.
In order to quote the ultimate analysis of coal a value for oxygen is required; this may be determined by the method specified in ISO 1994 or estimated as a different figure and reported as “oxygen plus errors”.
Who is BS 1016-6 - Ultimate analysis of coal for?
BS 1016-6 on ultimate analysis of coal is useful for:
- The coal industry
- The mining industry
- Testing laboratories
- Producers and manufacturers of coal and coke
- Quality control personnel
- Environmental pollution control bodies
Why should you use BS 1016-6 - Ultimate analysis of coal?
The ultimate analysis of coal is the analysis of coal expressed in terms of its carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen contents. As coal has vast applications and environmental impact, it is necessary to know the contents.
The determination of the total amounts of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur, regardless of their origin is described in BS 1016-6. The carbon includes that present in the mineral carbonates and the hydrogen includes that present both in the moisture and in the water of constitution of the argillaceous constituents of the mineral matter.
All the nitrogen is assumed to be present in the coal substance. Sulphur is normally present in three forms: as iron pyrites (FeS2), as inorganic sulphates associated with the mineral matter, and as organic sulphur compounds in the coal substance.
Oxygen in the coal substance may be determined by one of the procedures given in ISO 1994.
Alternatively, an estimate of the percentage of oxygen can be obtained on the air-dried basis by subtracting the sum of the determined percentages of moisture, ash, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur from 100. The value so obtained for oxygen may be inaccurate because it includes the cumulative errors of all the determinations made, and it should therefore be reported as “oxygen (plus errors)”.
Note: A more satisfactory value for oxygen is obtained when the ultimate analysis is expressed on a dry, mineral matter free basis (see Part 16 of this standard).
The methods given in BS 1016 are specified for the analysis of coal or coke or, in some instances, for the analysis of both coal and coke. Experience has shown that, in general, the methods may also be used for the analysis of manufactured smokeless fuels other than coke made by a conventional process.
The revision of Part 6 has been undertaken in order to complete the introduction of metric units and to adopt a uniform presentation.
BS 1016-6 provides you guidance to carry out the ultimate analysis of coal with precision and accuracy.
