This document describes specifications and test methods for unused natural esters in transformers and similar liquid-immersed electrical equipment in which a liquid is required as an insulating and heat transfer medium. The exposure of natural ester to air leads to deterioration of the insulating liquid. Use of natural esters is therefore restricted to sealed units, or with the conservator tank protected from the contact with atmosphere by a membrane or other suitable system.
In this document the term "natural esters" applies to insulating liquids for transformers and similar electrical equipment with suitable biodegradability and lower environmental impact. Such natural esters are vegetable oils obtained from seeds, and oils obtained from other suitable biological materials. These oils are comprised of triglycerides.
Natural esters with additives are within the scope of this document. Because of their different chemical composition, natural esters differ from insulating mineral oils and other insulating liquids that have high fire points, such as synthetic esters or silicone fluids.
Natural ester-derived insulating liquids with low viscosity have been introduced but are not covered by this document. IEC 63012 covers these liquids.
This document is applicable only to unused natural esters. Reclaimed natural esters and natural esters blended with other insulating liquids are beyond the scope of this document.
NOTE The chemical nomenclature and scientific notations used in the document are in accordance with the IUPAC handbook (Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry).
